ÿWPCø “ü܈7Üà “Ï:"¹èó³¨4ò±ŽµKüâžôBC빶þû^å•P]í×YJä;f0ÙäÇ Íؤ¦SQ*Ra ÞÈ@…˜˜Å|:ê^Ÿ"Ã,Lšö…à"¬ ¥0Ca@15´?™Ì°ïŒ›‡×<‡óöùzWœŠÔì(#Ñ©ˆÅ¯¬·á ’â ý§yMâ§ÂGX· Ñï¯|ëMc˜ºÝx œ¬#± äszqR¦Õm¾;æ²®9Äñr[azå ôt0&½ÿ%r,n©ñý€;Ú‘«™<¿HÙúFÖÇ¿±Ó£oˆ6¢j„¹Ai°]ÚJ¸79T‘ç·’±OÈuµ„Ð)fò°I'[Ô.w[µ¦Ûý§.ö‰£“åt’•·q‡”x.)¶…V¹„J†f”çÖúÀñòhTD³Ȉ8He^"\þû&dÔʶí¡mß½®îÓEýô1¾m'¨ë9G³´rZœGH”|د!.• —e`ßÿ+mZ3Ïç/@ÂEK£>»Nñ"sVôrùª+è¹ %Õ–ÉM:CÜ:~Œ™8„mtÿô'™~¬Çe«¼N{Vú,5Ç_Ÿù p¿pÖ”CB¤÷®Q¯ÌU©ËµBÜ–@y#!¤UNÅ % 0( 1‡A 1uÈ 0c=^  w@¬4ì m(>Tj€"–¸"Î"ð(">`vJŒ"Ö˜HP DeskJet 710C0(,,,,0(0(ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡(Š½CEKQW]cioAutoList1A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.3#37=CIQYag­­1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)(;3£$´´Ô2#ÔÚ  Ú0Ú  Ú.Ô3  Ôà0  àZ|%-‰ Z D[ D\ U] D_ D` Ea Ub Vc bd Dú,bk1 9ƒ3|xd GÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ Ñ 9 Ñ Ñ X Ñ Ñ Ï Ñ Ñ X Ñ Ñ î Ñ Ñ ° ÑÑ ° Ñ Ñ ° Ñ Ñ  ÑÑ   Ñ Ñ ° ÑÑ ° Ñ Ñ 9 Ñ Ñ ° Ñ Ñ  ÑÑ ° Ñ Ñ û Ñ Ñ e Ñ gelcoatpolysulfideYanmar Ñ Ï ÑÑ ° ÑÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑe°ÑØ3Øò òÑ8€ÇXXdìdÈ8ÑÑ€eÑÑ€ïhÑÑ€8AÑÑ€_RÑÑ€_RÑñU ñÑ€OY ÑñU ñÑ€Oa ÑÑ€äV ÑÑ€8NÑÑ€¯jÑÑ€ïWÑÑ€/VÑñR ñÑ€/VÑñR ññV ññU ñÑ€dO ÑñU ññV ññV ñÑ€¡O ÑñV ñCHAPTER€V:€MAINTENANCE€AND€MAINTENANCE€PROCEDURESó óÐ e ÐÌMaintenance€of€your€yacht€is€covered€in€literally€hundreds€of€books,€magazine€articles€andÏmanufacturers€instruction€books€and€manuals.€This€manual€can€not€even€list€all€of€these€resourcesÏbecause€new€and€better€resources€are€printed€almost€daily.€It€is€the€responsibility€€of€the€owner€toÏsearch€out€the€technical€world€and€find€those€specific€instructions€and€procedures€with€which€theÏowner€feels€comfortable.€This€chapter€hopefully€will€provide€the€basis€for€proper€maintenanceÏprocedures€and€routines€that€will€keep€the€yacht€in€good€condition.ÌÌFew€persons€today€are€under€any€illusion€that€a€fiberglass€yacht€is€ð ðmaintenance€freeðð.€As€a€matterÏof€fact,€from€the€standpoint€of€cosmetics€alone,€a€fiberglass€hull€requires€nearly€as€much€time€toÏcare€for€as€a€wooden€hull€of€similar€size.€Washing,€waxing,€and€touching€up€little€nicks€andÏscrapes€are€time€consuming€and€demanding€tasks€which€must€be€done€consistently,€if€the€yacht€isÏto€retain€its€new€look.ÌÌThe€advantages€of€fiberglass€lies€in€areas€other€than€cosmetics€„€strength,€for€example.€FiberglassÏreinforced€plastics€(Ô_ÔFRPÔ_Ô)€are€among€the€strongest€boat€building€materials€ever€developed.€Even€aÏmoderately€well€built€Ô_ÔFRPÔ_Ô€yacht€will€be€stronger€and€more€endurable€than€the€best€wooden€built€aÏfew€decades€ago.€In€addition,€fiberglass€is€impervious€to€most€of€the€ills€that€can€be€disastrous€inÏother€materials:€it€doesnððt€oxidize€like€steel;€it€isnððt€affected€by€electrolysis€like€aluminum;€itÏdoesnððt€rot€like€wood;€and€it€is€not€affected€by€a€variety€of€sea€life,€such€as€worms.€While€it€can€beÏdamaged€by€physical€impact€and€the€resin€will€burn,€neglect€of€surface€damage€generally€does€notÏresult€in€more€serious€deterioration,€as€it€would€in€a€steel€or€wooden€hull.ÌÌÓL€ Š½(3LÓò òA.€€Hulló óÐ …  ÐÌNormal€periodic€maintenance€consists€of€waxing€the€hull€with€any€of€several€good€fiberglass€orÏautomobile€waxes€on€the€market€today.€Waxing€should€be€done€from€the€shear€down€to€andÏincluding€the€waterline€stripe.€Wax€should€not€be€put€over€the€bottom€paint€that€may€be€at€orÏabove€the€normal€trim€waterline€of€the€yacht.€If€the€Ô_ÔgelcoatÔ_Ô€is€older€and€wax€doesnððt€seem€toÏaccomplish€renewing€the€appearance,€there€are€some€newer€fiberglass€finish€restorers€on€theÏmarket€such€as€ð ðNew€Glassðð€or€ð ðÔ_ÔPolyglasÔ_Ôðð.€These€products€may€be€a€problem€if€you€ever€want€toÏpaint€the€fiberglass.ÌÌòòò òNote:ó óóó€From€several€of€our€dealers€comes€the€advice€that€boats€need€to€be€hauled€regularly€inÐ ½#X" Ðorder€that€they€may€dry€out.€This€is€especially€true€of€boats€in€fresh€water€as€it€is€more€soluble.€€ÌÌGenerally,€if€customers€purchase€a€boat€with€a€white€hull,€little€dings€and€scrapes€do€not€show€upÏas€badly€as€they€do€on€a€colored€hull€and€one€is€not€under€as€much€pressure€to€make€immediateÏrepairs.€Scrapes€and€scratches€in€white€Ô_ÔgelcoatÔ_Ô€are€relatively€easy€to€repair.€There€are€severalÏgelcoat€repair€kits€on€the€market€which€will€do€a€fine€job,€if€the€directions€are€followed€closely.ÏTaYang€has€provided€a€package€of€gelcoat€when€new.€Bigger€gouges€can€be€filled€with€eitherÏpolyester€or€epoxy€putties€before€the€gelcoat€repair€system€is€used.€Colored€gelcoat€presents€theÏadditional€problem€of€color€matching.€Again,€there€are€several€systems€on€the€market€that€willÐ  ,¨'+ Ðmake€it€possible€to€match€the€original€gelcoat€color.€Remember€that€dark€colors€tend€to€be€hotterÏin€the€tropics.ÌÌBlisters€are€a€continuing€topic€with€respect€to€fiberglass€hulls.€Whether€or€not€they€appearÏdepends€on€a€myriad€of€variables.€But€they€can€and€will€develop€blisters€if€they€remain€in€the€waterÏtoo€long.€If€they€do,€deal€with€them€early.€One€of€the€Ô_ÔvinylesterÔ_Ô€epoxy€bottom€jobs€beingÏperformed€in€the€Chesapeake€Bay€in€the€early€80s€has€left€hull€#107's€bottom,€baby€bottomÏsmooth€ever€since.€When€you€haul€out,€keep€an€eye€out€for€the€first€little€pinhead€blisters.€TheseÏare€normally€only€in€the€gelcoat.€It€is€easier€to€deal€with€these€than€wait€until€larger,€deeperÏblisters€begin€to€appear.€The€softer€bottom€paints€that€slough€off€(Micron,€CSC,€etc.)€are€easy€toÏprep€for€a€new€paint€job€when€you€haul€every€1„3€years,€depending€on€where€you€live€and€whetherÏyou€like€to€race€or€not.€Some€of€the€harder€bottom€paints€(Trinidad€types)€that€accumulate€overÏtime€do€better€at€repelling€heavy€barnacle€growth€in€some€geographical€regions.€Ask€aroundÏbefore€you€buy€your€next€choice€of€paints.€Usually€three€gallons€will€cover€a€V„42€bottom€with€2Ïto€2€ðð€coats,€if€you€roll€it€on.ÌÌIt€is€a€good€idea€to€inspect€the€bottom€periodically.€In€areas€such€as€the€Chesapeake€Bay,Ïgroundings€are€generally€not€serious€as€€the€muddy€bottom€is€unlikely€to€do€any€serious€damage.ÏHowever,€in€the€Caribbean€and€Northwest€cruising€areas,€for€example,€groundings€on€rock€andÏcoral€are€a€different€matter.€If€possible,€the€hull€should€be€inspected€immediately€after€a€hardÏgrounding€on€rock€or€coral.€If€deep€scrapes€are€found€or€if€the€fiberglass€has€actually€been€crushedÏor€distorted,€the€yacht€should€be€hauled€at€your€earliest€convenience€and€the€damaged€fiberglassÏrepaired.€While€we€do€not€wish€to€exaggerate€the€potential€for€water€to€soak€into€the€damagedÏsurface,€the€possibility€is€there,€and€immediate€repair€is€very€important€to€limit€the€area€ofÏpotential€water€saturation.ÌÌYour€Tayana€42€comes€with€a€heavy€rub€rail€which€bolted€and/or€glued€to€the€side€with€either€aÏbronze€or€stainless€steel€striker€to€protect€the€sides.€It€is€a€thing€of€beauty€when€properlyÏmaintained€and€a€wise€investment€that€will€take€a€great€deal€of€the€abuse€which€otherwise€wouldÏhave€to€be€absorbed€by€the€hull.€The€rub€rail€is€very€often€neglected€during€cleaning.€It€should€beÏcleaned,€sanded,€and€preserved€in€the€same€manner€as€other€teak€on€the€yacht.€(See€discussionÏbelow.)ÌÌò òB.€€The€Deck€and€Cabin€Topó óÐ Ñ"l! ÐÌThe€deck€and€cabin€top€of€the€Tayana€42€is€molded€in€essentially€the€same€manner€as€the€hull€„€inÏa€one€piece€mold€following€the€fiberglass.€When€the€deck€is€removed€from€the€mold,€most€of€theÏteak€trim€is€installed€before€the€deck€and€hull€are€joined.€Teak€decks,€teak€facings€on€the€cabin,Ïand€teak€in€the€cockpit€are€all€installed€before€the€deck€is€joined€to€the€hull.ÌÌThe€fiberglass€of€the€deck€and€the€cabin€are€cleaned€and€maintained€in€the€same€manner€as€theÏhull.€Any€one€of€several€good€cleaners€and€waxes€will€tend€to€help€keep€colors€bright€and€newÏlooking.€The€big€job€will€be€teak€maintenance.€In€the€old€days,€teak€decks€were€maintained€with€aÏholystone€and€salt€water.€The€holystone€was€a€large€piece€of€pumice€rock€that€was€rubbed€acrossÐ  ,¤'+ Ðthe€deck€to€clean€and€polish€wood.€When€done€regularly,€the€teak€was€kept€a€beautiful€silveryÏcolor€which€was€quite€striking€when€contrasted€with€the€painted€surfaces€and€natural€woodÏcolors.€The€salt€water€helped€keep€the€teak€in€good€shape€because€salt€would€be€left€in€the€woodÏas€the€water€evaporated.€Because€the€salt€was€slightly€hygroscopic€(attracts€moisture),€the€teakÏdid€not€dry€out€rapidly.€Of€course,€wetting€and€cleaning€had€to€be€done€daily€if€the€deck€was€to€beÏkept€in€the€best€condition.€Not€many€people€are€going€to€holystone€their€teak€daily€in€this€day€andÏage,€although€cleaning€would€be€highly€recommended.€Most€people€seem€to€prefer€the€deepÏbrown€of€newly€oiled€preserved€teak.€There€are€several€products€on€the€market€that€make€itÏpossible€to€keep€the€beautiful€brown€of€teak€without€a€great€deal€of€heavy€labor.€Cleaners€areÏstrong€and€corrosive€and€must€be€used€infrequently€and€with€great€care.€Washing€and€leaving€theÏdecks€natural€is€always€an€option€if€its€condition€is€monitored€frequently.ÌÌWhen€you€receive€your€yacht,€the€teak€will€have€been€cleaned€and€will€be€relatively€dry.€It€shouldÏbe€cleaned€with€common€washing€soda€that€one€can€obtain€in€the€laundry€section€of€any€well„¼stocked€grocery€store.€Washing€soda€is€an€excellent€cleaner€and€has€a€tendency€to€bleach€theÏwood€somewhat.€It€will€not€damage€paint€or€gelcoat,€unlike€some€teak€cleaning€products,Ïalthough€it€should€be€thoroughly€cleaned€off.€Use€about€one€cup€of€washing€soda€in€a€bucket€ofÏwater€(more€soda€if€the€deck€is€really€dirty).€Scrub€the€teak€with€the€soda€solution€using€one€ofÏthe€many€plastic€non„abrasive€scrubbing€pads€or€a€soft€brush€òòacrossóó€the€grain€until€the€wood€isÐ ý˜ Ðthoroughly€cleaned.€Then€rinse€thoroughly€and€let€dry.€Avoid€using€deck€or€scrub€brushes,€asÏthese€tend€to€damage€the€softer€parts€of€the€grain€and€leave€the€teak€rough.ÌÌThe€number€of€teak€oils€and€preservatives€on€the€market€is€virtually€endless.€The€best€are€thoseÏthat€contain€a€minimum€of€varnish.€Such€oils€do€not€leave€quite€as€brilliant€a€finish,€but€they€lastÏalmost€as€long,€and€they€age€more€gracefully.€If€one€wishes€to€maintain€the€brilliant€teak€brown,Ïhe€will€have€to€clean€and€Ô_ÔreoilÔ_Ô€every€four€to€six€weeks€in€tropical€areas;€somewhat€less€frequentlyÏis€higher€latitudes.€Use€a€non„skid€finish,€such€as€Ô_ÔSemcoÔ_Ô,€etc.,€on€areas€where€standing€or€gainingÏa€purchase€on€a€line€is€necessary.€Other€finishes€which€are€very€popular€include€Ô_ÔCetolÔ_Ô€andÏArmada,€and€those€with€long€lasting€Ô_ÔeurethanesÔ_Ô€such€as€Honey€Teak€and€Bristol€Finish.ÌÌThe€Ô_ÔpolysulfideÔ_Ô€products€that€are€used€to€caulk€the€teak€decks€merit€some€special€consideration.ÏCertain€of€the€more€corrosive€teak€cleaners€and€at€least€one€teak€oil€product€can€damageÏÔ_ÔpolysulfideÔ_Ô.€As€mentioned€above,€corrosive€teak€cleaners€should€be€used€infrequently€and€theÏdirections€should€be€very€carefully€followed.€These€compounds€should€be€washed€off€completelyÏand€as€soon€as€the€directions€permit,€even€if€the€product€is€advertised€as€not€hurting€caulkingÏcompounds.€On€the€other€hand,€teak€oils€that€can€soften€Ô_ÔpolysulfideÔ_Ô€should€never€be€used.€One€ofÏthese€oils€is€reputed€to€be€a€widely€advertised€two€part€product.ÌÌThe€Ô_ÔpolysulfideÔ_Ô€caulking€is€relatively€easy€to€maintain€and€repair.€The€most€common€problem€isÏthat€the€caulking€pulls€away€from€the€teak€and€breaks€the€seal.€When€this€happens,€it€does€littleÏgood€to€try€to€fill€the€resulting€space€with€more€polysulfide€because€the€new€material€will€adhereÏneither€to€the€old€polysulfide€nor€to€the€teak.€The€old€polysulfide€should€be€completely€removedÏand€then€the€teak€should€be€primed€with€the€primer€recommended€by€the€manufacturer.€Once€theÏprimer€has€dried,€the€space€should€be€filled€with€fresh€polysulfide€ð!ð€leave€a€bead€that€is€higher€thanÐ  ,¤'+ ÐÑeÑâ âÑÏ°Ñâ âÑ  Ñthe€surrounding€wood.€It€will€take€several€days€for€the€polysulfide€to€cure.€Note€that€moistureÏtends€to€increase€the€rate€of€curing,€and€it€is€a€good€idea€to€keep€the€caulking€damp.€Once€cured,Ïthe€caulking€can€be€sanded€off€flush€leaving€a€practically€invisible€repair.€When€deck€screw€plugsÏcome€off,€check€the€screw€for€tightness€and€replace€the€plugs€to€inhibit€the€incursion€of€moisture.ÌÌò òC.€€Interior€Woodworkó óÐ  œ ÐÌInterior€woodwork€is€generally€solid€teak€staving€or€teak€faced€plywood€panel.€Both€of€these€areÏmaintained€in€the€same€manner€if€they€are€unvarnished€or€natural.€If€you€have€ordered€your€yachtÏwith€natural€wood€which€you€wish€to€keep€light,€it€is€best€to€finish€the€teak€with€a€light€wax.€TheÏprocess€is€simple.€The€wood€should€be€thoroughly€cleaned€ð!ð€start€with€a€vacuum€cleaner€toÏremove€all€of€the€dust€and€loose€dirt;€then€use€a€damp€cloth€with€no€soap;€follow€this€with€aÏsolvent€wash€to€eliminate€any€excessive€surface€oils;€then€spread€on€the€wax€according€toÏmanufacturerððs€directions.€Any€of€the€light€furniture€waxes€can€be€used€for€this€application.€SomeÏpeople€have€had€excellent€results€using€bowling€alley€wax.€This€wax€takes€a€longer€time€to€apply,Ïbut€it€is€tougher€than€most€liquid€waxes€and€requires€less€maintenance.€If€you€want€your€interiorÏteak€to€be€a€little€darker€and€to€take€on€the€patina€of€fine€furniture,€one€can€use€oils€rather€thanÏwax.€Cleaning€should€be€accomplished€as€described€above€and€then€the€wood€should€be€coveredÏwith€lemon€oil€or€such€commercial€products€as€Scottððs€Liquid€Gold€or€Sheila€Shine.€The€latterÏtwo€products€have€an€oil€base€that€soaks€into€the€surface€of€the€wood€and€a€wax€that€fuses€to€theÏsurface€and€provides€a€protective€coating€that€is€almost€permanent.€The€oil€does€darken€the€woodÏsomewhat.€If€your€yacht€has€a€varnished€interior,€you€will€find€that€maintenance€is€much€likeÏkeeping€furniture€looking€nice.€You€will€clean€the€surface€with€water€and€mild€soap€solutions€andÏð ðdustðð€using€one€of€the€many€dusting€products€available€at€the€local€supermarket.€A€lemon€oilÏfinish€restores€luster€to€both€gloss€and€satin€varnished€surfaces.ÌÌThe€sole€merits€special€consideration.€Obviously,€one€cannot€use€ordinary€waxes€ð!ð€they€wouldÏruin€footing.€If€the€sole€is€left€natural,€it€should€be€cleaned€as€described€above€and€covered€withÏLiquid€Gold€or€Sheila€Shine.€These€products€protect€the€surface€but€do€not€seem€to€leave€the€soleÏslippery€when€wet.€If€the€sole€is€varnished€with€a€satin€coating,€it€will€be€a€little€more€slippery,€butÏmay€be€all€right.€If€it€is€too€slippery€when€wet,€it€can€be€coated€with€polyurethane€ð!ð€this€product€isÏnot€at€all€slippery€when€wet.€The€directions€for€preparing€the€surface€should€be€followedÏreligiously,€as€polyurethane€is€generally€not€compatible€with€other€types€of€varnish.€Murphyððs€OilÏSoap,€now€available€in€spray€form,€is€excellent€for€cleaning€either€finished€teak€or€the€sole.ÌÌBronze€presents€a€special€cleaning€problem.€Ordinary€metal€cleaners€will€not€clean€or€polishÏbronze.€Brass€cleaners,€for€example,€will€not€touch€the€green€corrosion€that€disfigures€bronzeÏports.€An€excellent€product€is€Ô_ÔAmwayÔ_Ô€metal€cleaner.€It€is€an€excellent€general€metal€and€bronzeÏcleaner€to€have€aboard€for€both€interior€and€exterior€use.€In€the€case€of€bronze,€once€the€metal€isÏcleaned€and€polished,€it€may€be€coated€with€a€spray€wax€such€as€the€Ô_ÔAmwayÔ_Ô€colorless€shoe€polish.ÌÌò òD.€€Spars,€Rigging,€and€Sailsó óÐ 1*Ì%) ÐÌThe€primary€means€of€propulsion€is€the€sailing€rig,€yet€it€is€sometimes€the€most€neglected.€This€isÏprobably€because€it€is€very€reliable€and€because€most€people€believe€they€have€an€intuitiveÐ õ,(, Ðunderstanding€of€it€and€neglect€it€through€misplaced€familiarity.€However,€maintenance€is€vital.ÏFailure€of€your€rig€can€be€far€more€catastrophic€than€engine€failure€ð!ð€one€doesnððt€merely€loseÏpower;€he€may€sustain€damage€to€the€yacht€and€injury€to€personnel.ÌÌ€€€ò ò1.€€Sparsó óÐ ° ÐÌÒF°ÒThe€Tayana€42€normally€is€equipped€with€an€aluminum,€deck„stepped€mast.€The€primaryÏadvantage€of€aluminum€spars€is€the€reduction€in€maintenance.€One€should€not€conclude,Ïhowever,€that€aluminum€spars€are€maintenance€free.€Like€fiberglass,€aluminum€requires€frequentÏand€conscientious€care,€if€its€appearance€is€to€be€maintained.€Again,€as€with€fiberglass,€if€damageÏto€finished€does€occur,€one€is€not€quite€so€pressed€to€get€a€repair€done€because€furtherÏdeterioration€is€not€likely.ÌÌThe€aluminum€spars€with€a€Tayana€42€may€be€finished€either€by€anodizing€or€painting.ÏAnodizing€is€a€process€by€which€a€protective€coating€is€formed€that€is€superior€to€paint.€It€isÏdone€in€a€special€bath€before€any€of€the€fittings€have€been€installed.€Anodizing€cannot€beÏrenewed€by€the€yacht€owner.€Generally,€painted€spars€are€finished€with€a€polyurethane,€a€veryÏhard,€color„fast€paint.€Maintenance€consists€of€monitoring€the€condition€of€the€mast€for€scrapesÏand€gouges€and€repainting€them€when€they€occur.€A€small€spray€can€of€automobile€finish€is€veryÏhandy€for€this€purpose.€Simply€remove€the€damaged€paint,€then€sand€lightly€with€about€a€300Ïgrit€wet€or€dry€sandpaper,€and€spray€on€the€new€finish.ÌÌAside€from€physical€damage€owing€to€impact€or€scraping,€the€greatest€cause€of€damage€on€anÏaluminum€spar€is€galvanic€corrosion.€Any€non„aluminum€fitting€that€is€bolted,€screwed,€orÏriveted€to€an€aluminum€spar€must€be€bedded€to€prevent€electrolytic€corrosion.€The€bedding€actsÏas€an€electrical€insulator.€If€dissimilar€metals€are€not€isolated€from€the€aluminum,€one€will€soonÏfind€that€the€aluminum€pits€and€forms€a€fine€powder.€This€is€irreversible€damage€which€must€beÏavoided€at€all€costs.€If€it€is€discovered,€the€fitting€or€fastener€around€the€corroded€area€should€beÏremoved€and€Ô_ÔreinsulatedÔ_Ô€with€a€bedding€compound€or€a€sheet€insulation,€such€as€neoprene€orÏrubber.€The€pitted€area€may€be€filled€with€epoxy€or€polyester€putty€before€repainting,€but€this€isÏonly€cosmetic€ð!ð€the€putty€will€not€restore€the€lost€strength€in€the€damaged€area.ÌÌOne€must€consider€that€an€aluminum€mast€that€has€been€badly€dented€is€no€longer€safe.€DentsÏthat€are€half€an€inch€or€more€in€depth€and€which€have€a€diameter€of€a€third€or€more€of€the€sparÏconstitute€a€serious€weak€point.€If€the€spar€is€put€under€serious€stress€at€that€point,€the€chancesÏare€that€the€section€may€collapse.€If€you€should€find€a€dent€that€large,€contact€a€professionalÏyacht€rigger€for€advice.ÌÌMast€spreaders€are€particularly€critical€to€the€health€of€your€rig.€They€allow€the€long€upperÏshrouds€to€take€up€the€loads€that€are€transmitted€to€the€upper€part€of€the€mast€during€sailing.€AsÏa€result,€they€are€under€tremendous€compression.€It€is€particularly€critical€that€they€be€examinedÏregularly€to€see€that€there€is€no€distortion€or€cracking.€The€outer€tips€of€the€spreaders€should€beÏraised€above€the€spreader€base€so€that€the€compression€load€is€transmitted€down€the€spreader€toÏthe€mast€and€not€at€an€angle€which€would€tend€to€force€the€spreader€to€bend€under€load.ÌÐ ù,”(, ÐÑïhÑâ âÑîÏÑâ âÑ  ÑV„42s€are€rigged€with€two€sets€of€spreaders.€The€upper€set€includes€a€distinctive€semi„circularÏlightweight€aluminum€jumper€strut€that€replaces€running€backstays.€When€pulling€the€mast,€useÏcaution€to€not€damage€this€jumper€strut.€Make€sure€the€fasteners€are€coated€with€anti„corrosiveÏcompound.ÌÌò ò2.€€Standing€Riggingó óÐ  œ ÐÌStanding€rigging€is€made€up€of€stainless€steel€cable€with€various€attachment€fittings€of€chromedÏbronze€and€stainless€steel.€The€wire€used€is€1/4€or€5/6€inch€1x19€wire.€Either€size€cable€isÏsufficiently€strong€to€bear€the€rig€under€winds€of€hurricane€strength.€The€1x19€refers€to€theÏwinding€of€19€single€strands€of€wire€to€make€the€cable.€This€winding€makes€the€cable€stiff€andÏstrong,€but€it€would€be€unsatisfactory€if€it€were€required€to€run€through€blocks€or€go€aroundÏsharp€corners.ÌÌMost€Tayana€42s€are€delivered€with€swaged€fittings.€Swaging€is€a€process€that€actually€squeezesÏa€hollow€cylinder€onto€the€cable.€The€process€was€developed€for€the€aircraft€industry,€and€theÏstrength€of€the€joint€is€nearly€as€great€as€the€tensile€strength€of€the€cable.€Watch€for€cracks€inÏthese€fittings€over€time,€especially€in€the€tropics.ÌÌSome€42s€have€been€delivered€with€the€wedge€type€fittings€that€are€most€often€known€by€theÏtrade€names€Sta„Ô_ÔLokÔ_Ô€or€Norseman.€These€fittings€get€their€strength€from€a€conical€bronze€coreÏthat€is€forced€against€the€cable€within€the€fitting.€It€too,€is€stronger€than€the€tensile€strength€ofÏthe€cable.€It€has€the€added€advantage€that€it€can€be€installed€by€the€owner€with€two€commonÏadjustable€wrenches.€It€must€be€remembered,€however,€that€the€wedging€cones€are€not€reusableÏand€extras€should€be€carried€at€sea.ÌÌTurnbuckles€are€generally€chromed„bronze€cylindrical€type.€They€are€made€to€be€set€up€withÏtwo€wrenches€ð!ð€one€to€hold€the€cable€and€one€to€turn€the€turnbuckle€itself.ÌÌStanding€rigging€should€be€inspected€regularly.€And€remember,€it€does€one€no€good€to€simplyÏinspect€the€bottom€fitting€and€ignore€those€up€on€the€mast.ÌÌThe€most€common€failure€is€cracked€swage€fittings.€All€attachment€fittings€should€be€carefullyÏexamined€at€least€once€a€month.€Look€at€them€closely.€Sometimes€the€cracks€are€hard€to€see.€IfÏin€doubt,€carefully€spray€the€fitting€with€a€dye€Ô_ÔpenetrantÔ_Ô.€The€dye€goes€into€a€crack€readily€andÏshows€it€clearly.€Such€dyes€are€available€at€better€equipped€marine€stores€and€industrial€supplyÏhouses.€If€such€is€not€available,€carefully€spray€the€fitting€with€a€can€of€red€paint€and€then€wipeÏthe€paint€off€quickly€with€a€hard€cloth.€If€there€is€a€crack,€the€paint€will€get€into€it€and€show€upÏwhen€the€paint€on€the€fitting€is€removed.€Any€crack€is€bad,€but€not€a€cause€for€panic.€As€a€ruleÏof€thumb,€if€a€crack€is€less€than€the€wire€diameter,€the€strength€of€the€swage€is€probably€not€yetÏseriously€compromised€and€replacement€can€be€delayed,€but€monitor€it€carefully.ÌÌò ò3.€€Sailsó óÐ +¸&* ÐÌSails€that€are€delivered€with€your€yacht€are€very€high€quality€and€well€cut.€The€subject€of€sails€isÏworth€a€book€in€itself€so€the€discussion€here€will€be€short.Ð á-|)- ЇThe€greatest€enemy€of€your€sails€is€the€ultraviolet€in€sunlight.€You€have€sail€covers€ð!ð€use€themÏreligiously.€Sails€that€are€stored€under€cover€will€last€three€or€four€times€longer€than€sails€thatÏare€simply€furled€on€the€spars€and€exposed€to€the€sun.ÌÌIt€is€also€important€to€inspect€your€sails€regularly€for€broken€stitching€and€tears.€These€should€beÏrepaired€immediately€because€they€can€result€in€catastrophic€sail€damage€in€a€short€time.ÌÌSails€should€not€be€cleaned€in€a€commercial€type€washer.€Rather,€it€is€better€to€lay€them€out€on€aÏflat€surface,€like€a€lawn,€and€use€a€soft€brush,€mild€washing€detergent,€and€cool€water.€Once€theÏdirt€is€off,€rinse€with€a€hose€and€be€sure€to€get€the€salt€off€at€the€same€time.€As€a€matter€of€fact,Ïit€isnððt€a€bad€idea€to€pull€your€sails€up€at€the€dock€a€few€times€a€year€and€rinse€them€off€withÏfresh€water.€Once€in€a€while€you€may€find€some€mildew€on€your€sails.€This€can€be€cleaned€off€byÏa€solution€of€chlorine€bleach€and€water.€For€example,€about€two€tablespoons€of€Clorox€in€aÏgallon€of€water€will€clean€up€most€cases€of€mildew€and€if€rinsing€is€done€òòimmediatelyóó,€no€harmÐ aü  Ðshould€be€done€to€the€sails.ÌñM ñÌÌñM ñÌò ò4.€€Running€Riggingó óÐ %À ÐÌTayana€42s€generally€are€equipped€with€low€stretch,€Ô_ÔdacronÔ_Ô€running€rigging.€While€wireÏhalyards€do€not€stretch€as€much€as€Ô_ÔdacronÔ_Ô,€they€are€more€difficult€to€maintain€and€tend€toÏdamage€the€mast€finish.ÌÌRunning€rigging€is€subject€to€three€sources€of€deterioration€ð!ð€wear,€chafing,€and€ultraviolet€light.ÏCare€on€the€part€of€the€owner€can€minimize€these€to€the€extent€that€the€rigging€should€last€threeÏto€five€years€without€giving€any€trouble.€Wear€can€be€reduced€by€making€sure€that€turningÏblocks€and€Ô_ÔfairleadsÔ_Ô€are€kept€clean€and€that€the€sheaves€in€blocks€turn€freely.€It€is€also€importantÏthat€lines€be€properly€coiled€and€stowed€so€that€crew€members€are€not€walking€or€sitting€onÏthem.€Chafe€requires€that€the€line€be€protected€at€chafing€points.€For€example,€it€is€not€unusualÏfor€the€jib€sheets€to€chafe€on€the€upper€shrouds.€If€sheets€are€against€wire€for€any€period€of€time,Ïcover€the€sheet€at€that€point€with€some€type€of€protection€such€as€tape.€It€will€pay€off.ÏProtecting€the€Ô_ÔdacronÔ_Ô€line€from€ultraviolet€is€as€important€as€protecting€sails.€Unfortunately,€it€isÏnext€to€impossible€to€protect€halyards,€but€sheets€can€be€stowed€under€sail€covers€or€they€can€beÏremoved€and€stowed€below.€Running€rigging€can€be€periodically€cleaned€with€fresh€water€and€aÏmild€detergent.€Soaking€in€a€bucket€with€fabric€softener,€such€as€Downy,€will€soften€the€linesÏ(never€use€laundry€soap).ÌÌò ò5.€€Winchesó óÐ •%0!$ ÐÌWinches€are€among€the€most€important€and€sophisticated€mechanical€devices€aboard€your€boat.ÏWithout€them€it€would€take€ten€big€Swedes€to€operate€a€Tayana€42;€with€them€the€yacht€can€beÏsailed€anywhere€by€husband€and€wife.€Winches€are€the€most€handy€source€of€power€aboard€theÏyacht€ð!ð€you€can€set€big€sails,€raise€anchor,€rescue€a€man€overboard,€or€lift€an€engine,€all€by€usingÏyour€winches€properly.€When€you€consider€all€the€things€you€can€do€with€these€wonderfulÏmachines,€think€back€on€your€high€school€physics€classes.€Mechanical€advantage€is€the€productÏof€the€mechanical€advantage€of€the€tackle€and€the€mechanical€advantage€of€the€winch.€Thus€ifÏyou€are€lifting€the€400€pound€engine€out€of€the€yacht€using€your€four€part€Ô_ÔvangÔ_Ô€and€you€lead€theÐ á-|)- ÐÑ8AÑâ âÑeÑÑ îÑâ âÑ  ÑÔ_ÔvangÔ_Ô€to€a€winch€with€a€mechanical€advantage€of€10,€you€can€lift€the€engine€with€a€force€of€onlyÏ10€pounds!ÌÌIn€spite€of€the€importance€of€the€winch€to€the€proper€operation€of€the€yacht,€it€may€be€one€of€theÏmost€neglected€items€aboard.€The€average€sailor€seldom€takes€his€winches€apart€for€lubricationÏand€maintenance.€How€often€you€take€your€winch€apart€and€lubricate€it€in€accordance€with€theÏmanual€that€has€been€supplied,€will€depend€on€where€you€live€and€how€you€use€your€boat.€AndÏwhile€you€have€it€apart,€check€the€mounting€bolts;€they€should€be€tight€and€solid.€If€you€find€anyÏsign€of€corrosion,€owing€to€galvanic€action,€renew€the€insulation€material.ÌÌTayana€42s€come€with€either€Ô_ÔBarlowÔ_Ô,€Ô_ÔBarientÔ_Ô€or€Ô_ÔLewmarÔ_Ô€winches.€You€will€find€diagrams€andÏexploded€views€of€both€of€these€in€the€package€of€materials€that€came€with€the€yacht.€If€yourÏyacht€does€not€have€these€owners€pamphlets,€check€with€another€owner€and€make€copies.ÌÌò ò6.€€Blocksó óÐ è  ÐÌYour€yacht€may€have€been€delivered€with€original€blocks€made€with€teak€cheeks€and€rollerÏbearings.€Under€normal€sailing€conditions€they€will€last€five€to€ten€years.€Maintenance€is€easy.ÏThey€should€be€washed€with€fresh€water€a€couple€of€times€a€year€and€the€teak€should€getÏessentially€the€same€treatment€as€teak€elsewhere€on€the€yacht.€The€ferrous€chloride€that€tends€toÏdevelop€on€the€304€stainless€steel€should€be€cleaned€off€with€soap€and€a€plastic€scrub€pad.ÏNothing€else€is€required.€Most€€boats€are€equipped€with€more€modern€blocks,€such€as€Harken,ÏÔ_ÔLewmarÔ_Ô,€Ô_ÔRonstanÔ_Ô€or€Schaefer,€follow€the€maintenance€directions€provided€with€them.€With€any,Ïkeeping€them€clean€and€lubricated€is€key.ÌÌÒ°FÒò òE.€€Auxiliary€Engines€and€Related€Systemsó óÐ &  ÐÌ€€€€ò ò1.€€Engineó óÐ þä ÐÌÒ‘°ÒYour€Tayana€42€may€have€been€delivered€with€a€Ô_ÔYanmarÔ_Ô€series€or€a€Perkins€diesel.€A€veryÏsmall€percentage€have€some€other€make€engine.€The€discussion€that€follows€applies€to€anyÏdiesel€auxiliary€which€may€be€installed.€Specific€procedures€for€service€and€maintenance€areÏfound€in€your€engine€manufacturerððs€handbook,€and€they€should€be€followed€religiously.ÌÌRemember,€your€engine€is€like€a€dog.€It€thrives€on€attention€and€dies€quickly€of€neglect.€AÏsmall€diesel€that€is€run€regularly,€serviced€faithfully,€and€cleaned€consistently€should€lastÏthousands€of€€hours€before€major€maintenance€is€required.€Think€about€that.€If€you€treat€yourÏengine€right,€you€may€never€have€to€buy€a€new€one!€Ignore€your€engine€ð!ð€think€about€it€onlyÏwhen€you€need€it€ð!ð€and€you€will€find€yourself€spending€from€$5,000€to€$15,000€to€replace€it.ÌÌ€€€€€ò òa.€€Installationó óÐ þ(ä$( ÐÌÒr‘ÒYour€engine€has€been€installed€by€highly€experienced€mechanics€using€the€best€materials.ÏThe€mounts€are€bolted€to€a€glassed€foundation€to€provide€stability€and€quiet€operation.€TheÏengine€mounts€themselves€are€of€the€flexible€type€to€help€eliminate€vibration€in€the€hull.€TheÏpropeller€shaft€is€1„1/4€inch€stainless€steel€that€is€connected€to€the€transmission€by€a€flexibleÏcoupling.€€The€shaft€goes€through€a€bronze€shaft€log€and€gland€to€a€cutlass€bearing€mountedÐ Š.p*. ÐÑ_R Ñâ âÑ9 Ñâ âÑ  Ñin€a€bronze€casting€outside€of€the€hull.€€The€standard€propeller€is€a€three€bladed€bronzeÏwheel€generally€18€inches€in€diameter€with€a€12€to€14€inch€pitch.ÌÌThe€exhaust€system€is€of€the€wet€type€ð!ð€that€is€water€is€injected€into€the€gas€stream€andÏejected€through€a€muffler€and€check€valve.€This€system€is€common€on€sailing€yachts€becauseÏthe€water€cools€the€exhaust€fumes€thus€cutting€down€the€heat€radiated€into€the€engine€spacesÏand€eliminating€fire€hazards.€As€can€been€seen€in€the€figure,€a€siphoning€break€must€beÏinstalled€to€prevent€water€from€backing€through€the€system€and€into€the€engine.€NewerÏTayana€42s€have€exhaust€systems€made€primarily€from€plastic€(ABS)€mufflers€and€neopreneÏreinforced€hoses.€Older€yachts€have€stainless€steel€systems€composed€of€an€expansionÏ(bellows)€exhaust€pipe,€jacketed€pipe,€stainless€steel€water€locks€and€mufflers,€neopreneÏhoses,€and€a€bronze€check€valve.€These€latter€systems€are€quite€satisfactory,€but€they€are€notÏas€durable€nor€are€they€as€easy€to€maintain€as€the€new€systems.€Certainly€with€the€olderÏmuffler€systems€they€should€be€watched€carefully€for€the€formation€of€cracks.ÌÌThe€standard€equipped€fuel€tanks€are€of€black€iron€construction€and€are€mounted€low€in€theÏhull,€port€and€starboard,€aft€of€the€fresh€water€tanks.€They€are€baffled€and€have€largeÏmanholes€for€access.€Each€has€a€dipstick€for€checking€fuel€quantity.€Copper€fuel€linesÏleading€to€the€engine€from€each€tank€have€selector/cutoff€valves€that€are€tagged€andÏidentified.€Both€tanks€may€be€use€simultaneously€or€as€selected.€It€is€an€extremely€good€ideaÏto€insure€that€at€least€one€readily€accessible€Ô_ÔRacorÔ_Ô€type€fuel€filter/water€separator€is€installedÏinto€the€fuel€prior€to€the€main€engine€fuel€filter.€An€electric€fuel€pump€might€be€anotherÏoption€to€consider€in€order€to€facilitate€bleeding€and€priming€the€fuel€system.ÌÌThe€relatively€large€quantity€of€fuel€stored€in€your€V„42's€tank€and€the€relatively€lowÏconsumption€rates€by€the€very€economical€Ô_ÔYanmarÔ_Ô€type€engines€today,€make€it€imperativeÏthat€you€pay€very€close€attention€to€your€fuel€and€fuel€system€cleanliness.€Dirty€fuel€andÏclogged€filters€may€cause€engine€stoppages,€which€occur€in€rough€conditions€when€you€mostÏcount€on€your€normally€reliable€engineððs€output.€Keeping€tanks€full€will€inhibit€theÏcondensation€of€unwanted€water€in€your€tanks€which€facilitate€the€growth€of€slime€orÏfungus;€use€fungicide€additives€when€refueling.€And€consider€ð ðpolishingðð€your€fuel€everyÏcouple€of€seasons€or€replacing€it€if€you€do€not€use€your€boat€often€enough€to€turn€over€theÏfuel€in€your€tanks.€You€may€wish€to€install€a€fuel€filtering€system€that€would€accomplish€theÏsame€purpose,€such€as€a€Ô_ÔRacorÔ_Ô„type.€You€may€need€to€clean€your€tanks€after€a€number€ofÏyears;€it€could€be€an€inexpensive€maintenance€job€that€will€help€keep€your€engine€runningÏproperly.€ÌÌRaw€water€for€cooling€is€taken€in€through€a€Ô_ÔseacockÔ_Ô€generally€located€behind€the€engine.ÏThis€line€and€peacock€is€tagged€clearly€at€the€factory€as€are€all€other€lines,€wires,€and€cables.ÏIf€not,€trace€these€lines€and€Ô_ÔretagÔ_Ô€them€now.€Doing€it€later€in€the€dark€,€in€rough€conditionsÏis€not€fun.€The€raw€water€intake€line€passes€through€a€large€filter€prior€to€the€engine.€ThisÏfilter€has€a€see„through€type€inspection€plate€and€should€be€checked€often,€if€you€are€inÏdebris,€jelly€fish,€or€other€dirty€water€conditions.€Cooling€water€is€led€to€the€heat€exchangerÏand€then€into€the€exhaust€system€for€discharge€overboard€with€the€engine€exhaust.€WhenÏstarting€your€diesel€engine,€listen€for€the€splashing€exhaust€water.€The€raw€water€peacockÏmust€be€open€prior€to€engine€starting!Ð –-|)- ÐÑ¡O Ñâ âÑÏ9ÑÑ°Ñâ âÑ  ÑñS ñÌñS ñò òb.€€Maintenanceó óÐ ° ÐÌPlease€consult€your€engine€manuals€for€detailed€procedures€concerning€operation€andÏmaintenance.€You€should€have€the€basic€operations€manual€which€also€includes€simplifiedÏmaintenance€procedures,€however,€you€should€also€obtain€your€particular€engineððs€serviceÏmanual.€This€manual€typically€is€a€much€more€detailed€description€of€how€the€engineÏoperates€and€includes€detailed€exploded€views€of€all€pertinent€parts€of€your€engine€to€includeÏparts€numbers.€Yanmar,€for€example,€has€a€new€ownerððs€engine€orientation€course€that€lastsÏtwo€days€and€you€normally€go€home€with€a€copy€of€the€service€manual€and€a€much€fullerÏunderstanding€of€how€to€operate€and€maintain€your€boatððs€diesel€engine.€The€engineÏmanuals€must€be€followed€exactly€to€obtain€maximum€engine€life€and€to€keep€your€warrantyÏin€effect.€The€following€sections€summarize€the€maintenance€requirements€described€in€theÏmanual€and€are€intended€as€òògeneral€informationóó€only.Ð À  ÐÌ€€€€ò ò(1)€Break„in€Periodó óÐ ˜è  ÐÌÒSrÒDuring€the€first€fifty€hours€of€operation,€the€engine€should€not€be€run€at€maximum€rpm.ÏRun€the€engine€at€a€variety€of€RPMS,€but€do€not€let€it€idle€for€extended€periods.€At€fiftyÏhours,€the€following€service€should€be€performed.ÌÌ€€€€(a)€Change€engine€oil€and€filter.Ì€€€€(b)€Tighten€cylinder€head€nuts€in€correct€sequence€to€correct€torque.Ì€€€€(c)€Re„set€valve€clearances€and€check€oil€feed€to€rockers.Ì€€€€(d)€Check€belt€tension.Ì€€€€(e)€Check€all€external€nuts,€set€screws,€etc.€for€tightness.Ì€€€€(f)€Check€shaft€coupling€alignment.Ì€€€€(g)€Check€fuel,€oil,€and€coolant€levels€and€look€for€leaks.Ì€€€€(h)€Adjust€idle€speed,€if€necessary.ÌÌò ò(2)€Before€Each€Outingó óÐ pÀ ÐÌ€€€€(a)€Check€coolant€level.Ì€€€€(b)€Check€engine€oil€level.Ì€€€€(c)€Check€transmission€oil€level.Ì€€€€(d)€Look€for€evidence€of€leaks€under€engine.Ì€€€€(e)€Check€belts.ÌÌò ò(3)€Every€150€hours€or€Three€Monthsó ó€(which€ever€occurs€first)Ð Ð& "% ÐÌ€€€€(a)€Change€engine€oil€and€filter.Ì€€€€(b)€Check€drive€belt€tensions.Ì€€€€(c)€Clean€air€intake.Ì€€€€(d)€Clean€motor€trap.Ì€€€€(e)€Look€for€evidence€of€leaks.ñT ñÐ \,¬'+ ÐÑOa Ñâ âÑ°ÏÑâ âÑ  ÑñT ññW ñÌñW ññN ñÌñN ñò ò(4)ó ó€ò òEvery€450€hours€or€12€Monthsó ó€(which€ever€occurs€first)Ð ° ÐÌ€€€€(a)€All€steps€under€item€(3)€above.Ì€€€€(b)€Change€final€fuel€filter€element.Ì€€€€(c)€Check€hoses€and€clips.Ì€€€€(d)€Drain€and€clean€fuel€tank.Ì€€€€(e)€Change€gear€box€oil.Ì€€€€(f)€Service€atomizers.Ì€€€€(g)€Flush€and€change€engine€coolant.ÌÌò ò(5)€Every€2400€hoursó óÐ ì <  ÐÌÒ4SÒ(a)€Have€an€authorized€engine€mechanic€examine€and€service€proprietary€equipment,Ïsuch€as€starter,€generator,€etc.ÌÌ(b)€Adjust€valve€tip€clearances.Ì(c)€Replace€heat€Ô_ÔexchangersÔ_Ô€when€in€salt€water.ÌÌÒS4Òò ò(6)€Bleeding€the€Fuel€Systemó óÐ Lœ ÐÌIf€you€are€a€first€time€diesel€owner,€this€is€not€a€trivial€operation.€It€is€one€you€shouldÏbecome€familiar€with.€Thus€the€diesel€orientation€course!ÌÌÒ4SÒ(a)€Check€fuel€tank€shut„off€to€be€ON.ÌÌ(b)€Check€fuel€filter€for€sediment€or€water€by€opening€drain€plug€on€bottom.€Replace€€€Ïplug.ÌÌ(c)€Follow€routing€of€hoses€from€fuel€filter€to€engine€lift€pump,€inspecting€hoses€as€youÏgo.€€On€the€engine€pump,€you€will€find€a€lever€that€allows€you€to€manually€operate€theÏdiaphragm€inside,€against€spring€tension.€It€may€be€necessary€to€turn€the€engine€overÏwith€the€starter€slightly€to€allow€the€pump€arm€to€relax€against€the€camshaft.€ThisÏallows€more€stroke€with€the€manual€lever€you€are€operating.ÌÌ(d)€Follow€the€fuel€line€from€the€pump€to€the€engine€fuel€filter€and€locate€the€vent€plugÏon€top.€Loosen€plug€two€or€three€turns.ÌÌ(e)€It€is€advisable€to€have€some€large€rags€on€hand€to€catch€oil€that€will€be€expelledÏfrom€this€point€in€the€course€of€bleeding.ÌÌ(f)€Begin€operating€the€manual€lever.€This€may€take€several€minutes€as€the€filters€willÏneed€to€fill€up€(as€well€as€the€lines).€Operate€the€manual€lever€until€fuel€flows€freelyÏfrom€the€filter€plug€with€no€signs€of€air€bubbles.Ð l+¼&* Ї(g)€Loosen€the€bleed€screws€on€the€injection€pump.ÌÌ(h)€Operate€pump€again€until€fuel€flows€freely€with€no€air€bubbles.ÌÌ(Ô_ÔiÔ_Ô)€Re„tighten€the€vents€beginning€with€the€lowest€point€(the€filter,€the€head€lockingÏscrew,€and€the€governor€vent€screw).€Wipe€up€any€spills€at€this€time.ÌÌ(j)€Slacken€the€union€nut€at€the€injection€nozzles.ÌÌ(k)€Move€throttle€to€full€rpm€and€check€to€see€if€the€ð ðstopðð€control€is€in€the€RUNÏposition.ÌÌ(l)€Crank€engine€with€starter€motor€until€fuel€flows€from€each€injector.ÌÌòòò òNOTEó óóó:€Do€not€run€starter€motor€continuously.€It€normally€takes€30€to€60€seconds€ofÐ ˜è  Ðcranking€to€completely€bleed€the€injector€lines.€20€seconds€of€cranking€with€about€aÏtwo„minute€rest€between€periods€will€be€easier€on€the€starter,€motor,€and€battery€thanÏsteady€cranking.€Cranking€the€engine€for€long€periods€may€Ô_ÔhydrolockÔ_Ô€water€into€theÏengine€cylinders.ÌÌ(m)€Re„tighten€injector€lines;€wipe€spills.ÌÌ(n)€Re„set€throttle€position€and€proceed€with€normal€start„up.ÌÌ(o)€Allow€sufficient€running€time€to€recharge€battery.ÌÌòòò òHINTó óóó:€Very€often€Yanmar€engines€can€be€bled€simply€by€loosening€the€bleed€screw€onÐ ¬ü Ðtop€of€the€engine€oil€filter€and€the€bleed€screw€on€top€of€the€injection€pump.€Try€it.ÌÌÒ‘4Òò ò2.€€Drive€Trainó óÐ tÄ ÐÌÒr‘Òa.€€ò òEngine€Alignmentó óÐ L!œ ÐÌThe€propeller€shaft€of€the€V„42€is€1„1/4€inch€diameter€stainless€steel.€The€shaft€is€checkedÏfor€accuracy€initially€at€the€factory€during€installation€and€is€carefully€aligned€to€the€engineÏwith€the€hull€being€properly€supported€and€level.€At€this€time,€the€shaft€log€and€bearing€isÏbonded€to€the€hull€penetration.€The€coupling€to€the€engine€is€checked€again€for€alignment€byÏthe€commissioning€team€prior€to€delivery€of€the€boat.ÌÌThis€alignment€check€should€be€made€periodically,€since€the€action€of€a€rough€sea€couldÏpossibly€change€the€shape€of€a€bolt€enough€to€disturb€engine€alignment.€If,€after€the€firstÏrough€water€experience,€the€alignment€has€not€changed,€it€is€usually€only€necessary€to€makeÏthe€check€once€per€season.€This€is€extremely€important.Ð t+Ä&* ЇThe€alignment€is€considered€acceptable€if€there€is€a€gap€less€than€.005€inches€per€inch€of€faceÏdiameter€of€the€coupling€(.002€for€a€four€inch€coupling,€.0025€for€a€five€inch€coupling).€TheÏfeeler€gauge€is€inserted€between€the€flanges€at€four€points€90€degrees€apart.€Then€checkÏagain€keeping€the€engine€coupling€stationary€and€rotating€the€shaft€coupling€90€degrees€at€aÏtime.€This€checks€the€squareness€of€the€coupling€face€to€the€shaft€centerline.€The€engineÏalignment€is€adjusted€by€raising€and€lowering€the€adjusting€nuts€at€each€mount.€To€makeÏlateral€adjustment,€loosen€the€mounting€pad€screws€that€anchor€the€engine€to€the€bed.€YouÏwill€note€there€are€slots€in€the€mount€pad€which€allow€a€reasonable€amount€of€adjustmentÏside„to„side.ÌÌAfter€adjusting€and€re„tightening€all€mount€screws€and€lock€nuts,€double€check€theÏalignment.ÌÌIn€the€absence€of€a€feeler€gauge,€the€alignment€can€be€checked€fairly€accurately€with€a€stripÏof€paper.€Insert€the€paper€between€the€two€halves€of€the€outer€flange€and€rotate€bothÏtogether€360€degrees.€The€paper€should€remain€in€place€through€the€complete€turn.ÌÌò òb.€€Transmissionó óÐ \¬ ÐÌPeriodically€check€the€oil€level€in€the€transmission€and€inspect€the€control€cables€for€signs€ofÏdamage,€chafing,€corrosion,€or€loose€fasteners.€Lubricate€the€moving€parts€with€sprayÏlubricant€or€light€grease.ÌÌò òc.€€Stuffing€Boxó óÐ ä4 ÐÌThe€gland€(stuffing€box)€should€be€tightened€at€least€once€per€month€to€see€that€no€moreÏthan€one€or€two€drops€per€minute€flow€in.€If€new€packing€is€required,€packing€materials€canÏbe€purchased€at€any€marine€supply.€Ô_ÔRepackingÔ_Ô€requires€about€ten€inches€of€3/16€inchÏmaterial.€(There€is€some€discussion€about€what€size€and€how€long€„€Another€said€1/4€inchÏand€three€6"€turns.)€Remove€the€nuts€from€the€two€retaining€bolts€that€hold€the€collar€inÏplace.€Pull€the€collar€up€the€shaft€toward€the€engine.€Water€will€flow€in,€but€should€be€easilyÏcontrolled€by€your€automatic€bilge€pump€or€the€electric€bilge€pump.€Remove€any€oldÏpacking€material€with€a€hooked€piece€of€coat€hanger.€Wrap€the€new€packing€material€aroundÏthe€shaft€just€in€front€of€the€gland.€Pull€the€collar€down€the€shaft€so€that€it€tends€to€push€theÏnew€packing€material€into€the€gland.€Using€the€nuts€on€the€retaining€bolts,€force€the€packingÏmaterial€evenly€into€the€gland€and€tighten€until€there€is€a€water€flow€of€only€about€one€dropÏper€minute.€Then€install€and€tighten€the€locking€nuts,€as€you€would€tighten€the€nuts€on€anÏauto€wheel,€tightening€nuts€on€opposite€sides€a€turn€at€a€time€after€they€are€finger€tight.ÌÌIncidentally,€the€rudder€has€a€packing€gland/stuffing€box€too.€It€should€be€checked€for€leaksÏas€well€as€the€steering€quadrant,€in€general,€as€long€as€you€have€crawled€back€into€that€partÏof€the€boat!€Consider€replacing€the€rudderððs€packing€every€ten€years€or€so.€Check€andÏgrease€the€steering€quadrant€pulleys€and€cables€annually.Ð h+¸&* ÐÑäVÑâ âÑ°°ÑÑ°°Ñâ âÑ  ÑñX ñÌñX ñIf€you€are€fortunate,€your€stuffing€box€may€be€of€the€Ô_ÔPYIÔ_Ô€type€which€is€the€accordion€rubberÏappearing€shaft€seal€which€requires€much€less€maintenance.€Most€boats€delivered€within€theÏlast€ten€years€or€so€have€been€fitted€with€this€type.€Check€your€instruction€book€for€detailsÏon€it.€ÌÌò òd.€€Cutlass€Bearingó óÐ L œ ÐÌThe€cutlass€bearing€is€mounted€in€a€bronze€casting€which€is€designed€to€allow€full€flow€ofÏwater€throughout€the€length€of€the€bearing.€This€is€important€because€the€cutlass€is€waterÏlubricated.ÌÌA€cutlass€bearing€should€last€several€years.€When€the€bearing€is€new,€the€shaft€will€be€tightÏand€no€lateral€movement€will€be€apparent€when€trying€to€push€the€shaft€side€to€side.€As€theÏbearing€wears,€one€can€move€the€shaft€slightly€from€side€to€side€or€up€and€down.€Once€thatÏlateral€movement€is€more€than€about€1/16€inch,€the€bearing€should€be€changed.€This€may€beÏcaused€by€engine€mount€failure.ÌÌChanging€the€bearing€is€a€major€maintenance€job€and€might€be€best€left€to€the€professionalÏyacht€mechanic.€It€requires€that€the€boat€be€hauled.€The€shaft€must€be€removed€by€looseningÏthe€coupling€set€screws€and€pulling€the€shaft€back€through€the€gland.€The€four€nuts€on€theÏbearingsðð€casting€retaining€bolts€are€removed.€The€casting€itself€is€threaded€to€the€shaft€log.ÏTherefore,€one€must€screw€the€shaft€log€out€€from€the€casting.€Once€the€casting€is€removed,Ïit€is€a€simple€matter€to€drive€out€the€cutlass.ÌÌIt€is€not€always€necessary€to€remove€the€cutlass€bearing€casting.€After€the€shaft€is€removed,Ïthe€bearing€can€sometimes€be€drawn€from€the€casting.€One€technique€is€to€saw€a€smallÏsection€out€of€the€bearing€so€that€it€can€be€compressed€and€drawn.€One€must€use€anÏunframed€hacksaw€and€be€careful€to€saw€only€the€bearing.ÌñY ñÌñY ñÌÒ°rÒò òF.€€Electrical€Systemsó óÐ l¼ ÐÌAs€mentioned€in€Section€IV,€the€Tayana€42€has€two€standard€electrical€systems€,€a€12€volt€DCÏsystem€that€gets€its€power€from€batteries€and€the€engine€alternator,€and€a€110€volt€AC€system€thatÏis€powered€through€the€shore€power€cable€or€with€an€outboard€generator.ÌñZ ñÌñZ ñÌÒ‘°Òò ò1.€€The€12€Volt€DC€Systemó óÐ ô$D # ÐÌThe€primary€source€of€12€volt€power€is€the€battery€bank€that€comes€with€the€yacht.€TheÏbattery(s)€are€used€both€to€start€the€engine€and€to€provide€the€various€electrical€equipment€onÏthe€yacht€with€power.€The€battery(s)€are€charged€by€the€engine„mounted€alternator€or€by€aÏbattery€charger€(converter)€that€is€connected€to€a€110€volt€power€source.€Cruising€yachts€mayÏalso€use€wind€driven€DC€generators€as€well€as€solar€cell€panels€to€keep€the€house€batteriesÏcharged€without€running€the€engine.Ð h+¸&* ÐÑ_RÑâ âÑ9°Ñâ âÑ  Ññ[ ñÌñ[ ñBattery€maintenance€is€simple,€but€demanding.€You€should€check€your€battery€water€at€leastÏonce€a€month€whether€you€have€sailed€the€yacht€or€not.€This€is€particularly€important€if€youÏhave€a€110€volt€converter€or€battery€charger€in€operation.€The€electrolyte€(acid)€level€should€beÏmaintained€to€cover€the€plates€in€the€battery.€It€is€best€to€use€distilled€water€in€your€battery(s),Ïbut€that€is€not€totally€necessary.€Clean,€drinkable€water€can€be€used,€if€distilled€water€is€notÏavailable,€but€never€use€salt€water.€Excessive€need€of€water€is€an€indication€that€the€chargingÏrate€is€too€high.€A€check€of€the€charging€voltage€should€not€read€over€15€volts.€Should€youÏspill€electrolyte€from€the€battery,€it€should€be€neutralized€with€baking€soda.€Remember,€batteryÏelectrolyte€is€sulfuric€acid€which€is€very€corrosive.€It€will€eat€into€your€skin,€wood,€cloth,€andÏsome€metals.€Donððt€neglect€a€spill.€If€it€gets€on€your€skin,€wash€it€off€immediately€with€soapÏand€water.€One€other€battery€maintenance€point€is€the€two€poles.€Make€sure€connections€areÏclean€and€tight.€A€thin€layer€of€grease€will€help€keep€battery€connections€clear€of€corrosion.ÌÌThe€use€of€a€hydrometer€is€an€inexpensive€and€accurate€measure€of€the€batteryððs€condition.ÏSpecific€gravity€measurements€of€the€electrolytes€should€read€between€1.275€and€4.280€on€aÏnormally€charged€battery.€All€cells€should€read€relatively€equal;€any€one€cell€that€has€aÏnoticeably€low€reading€is€an€indication€of€a€bad€cell€and€the€battery€should€be€replaced.ÌÌÒr‘Òò òa.€€Electrical€Paneló óÐ H˜ ÐÌThe€electrical€distribution€panel€controls€all€of€the€12€volt€electrical€circuits€in€your€yacht.ÏYou€will€note€that€it€has€both€a€battery€condition€meter€and€an€ammeter.€The€batteryÏcondition€meter€tells€you€the€measured€state€of€the€charge€existing€in€your€batteries;€theÏammeter€tells€you€how€may€amperes€are€being€use€at€any€instant€of€time.€The€variousÏcircuits€go€through€the€circuit€breakers€on€the€board.€These€circuit€breakers€act€as€both€aÏswitch€and€as€an€overload€protection€device.ÌÌThere€is€very€little€maintenance€necessary€on€the€panel.€Open€the€door€and€look€at€the€backÏof€the€panel.€You€will€see€colored€wires,€which€go€to€the€various€electrical€devices.€TheÏcolors€allow€you€to€find€the€same€wires€throughout€the€yacht.€The€panel€should€be€kept€dryÏat€all€costs.€If€a€circuit€breaker€trips€and€cuts€the€circuit,€there€is€an€overload€condition.€ThisÏis€usually€because€there€is€a€short€circuit.€Always€attempt€to€discover€what€caused€the€circuitÏbreaker€to€trip€before€depending€on€that€circuit€again.ÌÌò òb.€€Master€Battery€Switchó óÐ $X" ÐÌAll€Tayana€yachts€come€with€a€two€position€battery€switch.€This€switch€allows€you€to€putÏone€battery€at€a€time€into€the€circuit€or€to€use€both€batteries€(banks)€at€once.€It€is€a€Ìmake„before„break€switch€so€one€can€select€batteries€at€will€while€the€engine€is€running;Ïhowever,€you€must€not€put€the€switch€in€or€through€the€OFF€position€with€the€engine€on,€asÏdamage€to€the€alternator€may€result.€Similarly,€choke€the€engine€to€stop€it;€then€turn€off€theÏignition€switch.€There€is€little€that€the€owner€can€do€to€maintain€the€master€battery€switchÏother€than€to€keep€it€clean.ÌÌò òñ\ ñÐ @-(, ÐÑ/VÑâ âÑX9Ñâ âÑ  Ññ\ ñc.€€Alternator,€Engine€MountedÌÌó óA€critical€point€in€the€DC€electrical€system€is€the€alternator.€Its€job€is€to€maintain€theÐ ˆØ Ðbatteryððs€charge€and€cover€the€demands€on€the€electrical€system€while€the€engine€is€running.ÏThe€alternator€converts€mechanical€energy€into€electrical€energy,€and€the€drive€belt€is€itsÏonly€link.€Normally€this€is€the€only€periodic€attention€the€alternator€needs.€With€the€engineÏstopped,€the€drive€pulley€on€the€alternator€should€not€be€able€to€be€turn€by€hand.€BeltÏtension€may€seem€tight€enough,€but€the€pulley€may€still€slip€if€the€belt€is€glazed€or€oily.€WhenÏchecking€or€tightening€the€alternator€and€it€connections,€it€is€advisable€to€turn€off€the€batteryÏswitch.€This€prevents€accidental€ð ðshortingðð€of€the€output€terminal€which€is€ð ðliveðð€even€whenÏthe€engine€is€at€rest.€ÌÌòòò òNOTEó óóó:€Many€boats€will€have€ð ðupgradedðð€alternator€systems€in€order€to€more€quicklyÐ À  Ðcharge€the€larger€banks€of€batteries€used€on€cruising€boats.€These€systems€will€have€theirÏown€unique€wiring€diagrams.ÌÌò òd.€€Electrical€Starteró óÐ tÄ ÐÌThe€engine€starter€motor€is€the€most€demanding€load€that€will€be€placed€on€the€electricalÏsystem€and€is€not€fused€or€protected€by€an€overload€device.€Therefore,€it€is€wise€to€makeÏperiodic€checks€on€the€connections€at€the€starter€and€solenoid€switch€for€tightness€andÏcleanliness.€Do€not€allow€tools€or€other€metal€objects€to€come€into€contact€with€theseÏconnections€while€the€battery€is€on.ÌÌò òe.€€Wire€Runsó óÐ Ô$ ÐÌWiring€in€your€yacht€is€generally€carried€through€wiring€conduits.€These€conduits€protect€theÏwires€from€wear€or€impact.€The€color€code€used€is€shown€in€Table€V„1.€Where€wiring€isÏexposed,€it€should€be€checked€to€see€that€it€is€clear€of€potential€harm.€Terminal€blocks€andÏother€exposed€wire€termination€points€should€be€sprayed€with€WD„40€or€similar€moistureÏeliminating€product.€It€is€very€important€to€note€that€you€should€never,€repeat€never,Ïdisconnect€wiring€or€plumbing€for€that€matter€without€drawing€your€own€schematic€of€howÏthey€were€installed€first.€Also,€make€sure€each€line€is€tagged€using€waterproof€labels.€TryingÏto€reconnect€later€will€be€your€worst€nightmare€come€true,€if€you€do€not!€It€is€veryÏconvenient€to€keep€a€ð ðsmart€bookðð€with€all€these€schematics,€part€numbers,€phone€numbers,Ïaddresses,€etc.€This€book€will€become€increasingly€important€over€the€years!€For€example,Ïwhen€you€replace€the€anchor€light€bulb,€write€down€the€type€in€your€smart€book,€so€youÏdonððt€have€to€go€up€again€later€just€to€see€what€type€you€have€to€buy.ÌÌÒ‘rÒò ò2.€€The€110€Volt€AC€Systemó óÐ ¨(ø#' ÐÌThe€110€volt€AC€electrical€system€is€connected€to€the€shore€power€system.€Its€functions€areÏprimarily€water,€heat,€battery€charge,€power€outlets,€and€sometimes€refrigeration€and€airÏconditioning.€The€service€capacity€is€thirty€amperes€and€the€system€is€protected€to€that€level.ÏThere€is€little€maintenance€that€the€average€owner€should€do.€Whenever€working€on€the€backÏof€the€panel,€it€is€wise€to€shut€down€110€power.€Remember,€a€yacht€is€a€damp€environment,Ð 0.€)- ÐÑ/VÑâ âÑXXÑâ âÑ  Ñand€this€tends€to€increase€the€dangers€of€electric€power.€The€110€volt€system€is€grounded€in€theÏyacht€and€this€ground€should€remain.€Remember€ð!ð€AC€circuits€and€electricity€can€be€lethal!ÌÌò ò3.€€Protective€Systemsó óÐ tÄ ÐÌYour€yacht€is€bonded€to€help€prevent€galvanic€corrosion.€All€metal€parts€of€the€yacht€thatÏmight€come€in€contact€with€salt€water€are€bonded€by€electrical€wires€with€green€insulation€inÏorder€to€provide€a€low€resistence€electrical€path€for€stray€currents.€Thus,€there€is€a€reducedÏlikelihood€of€current€running€through€the€salt€water€ð ðelectrolyteðð€and€destroying€the€metalÏparts.€The€bonding€system€should€be€checked€to€make€sure€that€all€of€the€connections€are€goodÏand€clean.€Incidentally,€it€appears€that€this€bonding€also€helps€keep€your€boat€a€less€invitingÏtarget€for€lightning€when€sitting€in€the€water.€A€typical€electrical€bonding€system€is€shown€inÏFigure€V€„€1.ÌÌSacrificial€zincs€are€or€should€be€bolted€onto€each€side€of€your€keel€just€forward€of€the€shaftÏand€or€on€your€rudder.€These€rectangular€zincs€are€unique€and€referred€to€as€ð ðTayanaðð€orÏð ðTaiwanðð€zincs.€West€Marine€and€other€major€boat€stores€sell€this€type€of€zinc.€A€1„1/4€inchÏdonut€zinc€is€also€installed€on€the€propellor€shaft..€You€should€check€zincs€frequently€at€first€toÏsee€how€fast€the€metal€is€sacrificed.€You€will€then€have€some€ideas€of€how€often€they€must€beÏreplaced.€It€is€not€a€bad€idea€to€have€a€separate€zinc€clipped€to€a€shroud€and€hung€over€the€sideÏwhile€at€the€dock.€This€will€save€your€installed€zincs€and€offer€some€extra€protection.€To€beÏeffective,€of€course,€it€must€be€clipped€to€a€metal€part€that€is€wired€into€the€bonding€system.ÌIf€your€boat€uses€a€ððshaft€damperðð,€a€brush€must€be€installed€to€arc€the€engine€block€to€theÏmetal€shaft.ÌÌIt€might€be€well€to€note€here€that€there€may€be€zincs€in€the€cooling€system€of€your€engine.Ï(Many€Yanmarððs€do€not,€but€the€Yanmar€3MQ30€does.)€Also€some€refrigeration€systems€also€Ìhave€zincs€in€their€cooling€systems.€These€also€must€be€checked€and€replaced€as€they€areÏsacrificed.€Refer€to€the€engine€manual€for€their€location.ÌÌÒ°‘Òò òG.€€Plumbing€and€Sanitation€SystemsÐ X ¨ Ðó óÌPlumbing€and€sanitation€systems€are€generally€very€reliable€and€require€relatively€littleÏmaintenance.€A€program€of€inspections€will€usually€prevent€most€problems€from€developing.€TheÏcritical€points€in€the€systems€are€the€pumps;€everything€else€is€pretty€simple€and€reliable.ÌÌÒ‘°Òò òÑ„XÑ1.€€The€Fresh€Water€Systemó óÐ à%0!$ ÐÌThe€heart€of€the€pressure€water„system€on€the€Tayana€42€is€the€PAR€medium€duty€diaphragmÏpump.€This€pump€is€generally€located€in€a€compartment€along€with€the€electric€bilge€pump€andÏthe€shower€sump€pump€(an€option).€It€can€be€recognized€by€the€pressure€switch€located€onÏÔ_Ôtheñ_ ñ€Ð  )à$( Ðñ_ ññ] ñÐ  ° Ðñ] ñsideÔ_Ô.€You€will€find€a€manufacturerððs€parts€list€and€a€description€of€the€pump€among€theÏpapers€delivered€to€you€with€the€yachtñ` ñ.ñ` ñÌña ñÌña ñÐ @-(, Ðñb ñÐ  ° ÐÑ8NÑâ âÑ„ÑÑ°°Ñâ âÑ  Ññb ññc ñÑ„Ññc ñThese€pumps€are€highly€reliable€and€will€operate€several€years€without€any€real€maintenanceÏrequirement.€If€an€occasion€arises€where€a€pump€fails€to€operate,€one€should€first€check€theÏpressure€switch.€This€simple€switch€can€accumulate€dirt€and€not€turn€the€pump€on.€If€thisÏshould€happen,€turn€off€the€power€to€the€pressure€water€system,€remove€the€pressure€switchÏfrom€the€pump,€and€remove€the€switch€housing.€If€the€switch€is€dirty,€carefully€clean€out€theÏaccumulation,€reassemble€the€switch€and€try€the€system.€If€this€does€not€solve€the€problem,€youÏprobably€have€a€defective€switch€and€it€should€be€replaced.€Two€other€common€faults€canÏcause€the€pump€to€malfunction€ð!ð€a€broken€belt,€which€is€immediately€obvious,€or€defectiveÏdiaphragms.€To€check€the€diaphragms,€remove€the€four€screws€in€the€top€of€the€pump€housingÏand€carefully€lift€the€top€off.€You€will€see€two€diaphragms;€examine€each.€If€they€are€defective,Ïit€will€be€obvious;€they€will€have€holes€or€they€will€be€out€of€the€diaphragm€frame.€DefectiveÏdiaphragms€should€be€replaced.€PAR€does€produce€rebuild€kits€for€these€pumps.€While€it€is€notÏa€bad€idea€to€have€a€rebuild€kit,€the€most€common€requirement€will€be€for€a€pressure€switch,Ïdiaphragms,€and€belts.€Before€going€on€a€long€cruise,€take€a€spare€pump!ÌÌMaintenance€of€the€fresh€water€system€requires€little€more€than€tightening€the€hose€clamps€toÏprevent€leaks.€If€your€pressure€pump€comes€on€at€intervals€when€there€is€no€demand,€there€isÏalmost€certainly€a€leak€that€is€allowing€the€pressure€within€the€system€to€drop.€Inspection€willÏalmost€invariably€show€that€there€is€a€loose€connection€and€air€is€getting€into€the€lines.€Again,Ïtightening€the€clamps€will€normally€solve€the€problem.€Have€some€extra€clamps€and€hoseÏbefore€going€on€a€long€cruise.ÌÌYour€hot€water€system€is€based€on€a€ten€gallon€hot€water€heater,€usually€made€by€AmericanÏAppliance,€Inc.€It€has€both€an€electrical€heating€element€and€a€heat€exchanger€which€gets€hotÏwater€from€the€engine.€It€requires€very€little€maintenance€beyond€keeping€it€clean€and€allÏconnections€tight.€The€hot€water€heater€will€last€at€least€five€years.€The€most€likely€failure€is€theÏelectrical€heating€element.€If€this€should€happen,€a€new€element€may€be€obtained€from€almostÏany€camping€supply€store€and€it€is€a€simple€matter€to€install.ÌÌò òÌ2.€€Bilge€Pumping€Systemó óÐ X ¨ ÐÌThe€Tayana€42€is€equipped€with€a€minimum€of€two€bilge€pumps€ð!ð€one€electrical€and€one€handÏoperated.€Both€of€these€pumps€should€be€checked€every€day€that€the€yacht€is€sailed.ÌÌThe€electrical€bilge€pump€is€by€PAR€and€is€located€in€the€same€compartment€as€the€fresh€waterÏpump.€The€intake€hose€goes€down€past€the€engine€and€into€the€bilge€sump€below€the€engine.ÏThe€pump€outlet€is€just€above€the€water€line€on€the€side€of€the€yacht.€The€most€commonÏproblem€is€a€dirty€filter€next€to€the€pump€or€a€dirty€pick„up€screen.€This€may€be€cleaned€simplyÏby€cleaning€the€filter€or€pulling€the€suction€hose€up€from€the€sump€and€removing€the€dirt.€AnyÏeffort€to€keep€the€bilge€clean€and€sweet€will€pay€off.€The€V„42€aft€cockpit€model€has€a€deepÏsump€and€will€easily€have€room€for€an€automatic€bilge€pump.€A€top„of„the„line€automatic€bilgeÏpump€should€be€your€boatððs€single€most€important€investment.€Reliable,€dependable€automaticÏbilge€pump€operation€is€imperative!€If€your€boat€did€not€come€with€one,€get€one€installed€asÏsoon€as€practical.Ð @-(, ÐѯjÑâ âÑû„Ñâ âÑ  Ññd ñÌñd ñThe€hand€bilge€pump€is€generally€located€next€to€the€helmsman€or€may€be€under€the€cabin€sole.ÏUsually€a€gusher€type,€the€hand€bilge€pump€serves€two€purposes€ð!ð€it€pumps€the€bilge€and€itÏpumps€the€holding€tank.€By€following€the€intake€line€from€the€pump€aft,€one€will€come€to€a€setÏof€two€valves.€With€one€valve€closed€and€the€other€open,€you€can€see€that€the€pump€clears€theÏbilge.€By€reversing€the€closure€of€the€valves,€the€pump€clears€the€holding€tank.€A€littleÏexperimenting€will€show€you€the€proper€valve€operation.ÌÌIf€equipped€with€a€Yanmar€3QM30,€there€may€be€another€bilge€pump€mounted€on€the€engine.ÏThis€pump€is€continuously€operating€when€the€engine€is€running.€If€your€engine€has€such€aÏpump,€it€is€important€to€remember€that€the€bilge€is€constantly€being€cleared€and€a€leak€mightÏnot€be€apparent€by€simply€looking€into€the€bilge€to€see€if€there€is€water.€We€are€told€that€theÏpiping€on€some€of€these€pumps€have€been€modified€to€provide€cooling€water€to€otherÏauxiliaries€such€as€refrigeration€systems.ÌÌò ò3.€€Sanitation€Systemó óÐ ˜è  ÐÌÒr‘Òò òa.€€Holding€Tankó óÐ pÀ ÐÌYour€V„42€has€a€holding€tank€system€which€is€legal€anywhere.€The€toilet€may€be€pumpedÏeither€into€the€holding€tank€or€overboard€directly.€If€the€holding€tank€is€used,€it€may€beÏcleared€either€through€an€on„deck€fitting€or€by€the€use€of€the€bilge€pump,€as€describedÏabove.ÌÌThe€holding€tank€is€located€forward€between€the€water€tanks.€It€should€be€kept€clean€byÏpumping€clear€water€into€it€periodically€and€using€any€of€the€deodorizers€found€on€theÏmarket.€Many€boats€are€installing€their€own€upgraded€marine€sanitation€systems.€Add€theseÏschematics€to€your€ð ðSmart€Bookðð.Ìò òb.€€The€Toiletó óÐ ”ä ÐÌThe€toilet€is€one€of€the€standard€U.S.€makes€using€seawater€for€flushing.€The€normalÏmaintenance€is€of€the€pump.€Head€manufacturers€all€produce€pump€rebuild€kits€and€youÏshould€have€one€aboard€at€all€times.€Probably€the€dirtiest€job€afloat€is€cleaning€a€pluggedÏhead€outlet€line.€The€toilet€may€become€plugged€for€a€variety€of€reasons.€Most€commonly,€aÏtoy,€tampon,€or€too€much€toilet€paper€is€forced€into€the€outlet€line;€it€plugs€or€jams€aroundÏone€of€the€sharp€bends€that€is€part€of€the€outlet€line.€There€is€little€to€do€other€than€break€theÏline€at€one€of€the€joints€and€use€a€plumbers€snake€to€clear€the€blockage.€This€type€ofÏblockage€is€best€prevented€by€a€good€Captainððs€briefing€to€all€new€guests€prior€to€departureÏfrom€the€dock.€A€prominent€death€threat€signed€by€the€Captain€and€taped€on€the€lid€of€headÏwill€remind€your€guests€of€the€unique€nature€of€the€ð ðMarine€Headðð€which€is€not€a€commonÏhousehold€toilet.ÌÌToilet€operation€and€maintenance€in€salt€water€is€enhanced€by€the€periodic€use€(every€threeÏmonths€or€so)€of€a€cup€of€Muriatic€acid€poured€down€the€toilet.€The€acid€chemicallyÐ h+¸&* ÐÑïWÑâ âÑeûÑâ âÑ  Ñremoves€the€calcium€deposits€that€slowly€choke€off€your€outlet€lines.€A€cup€of€cooking€oilÏwill€lubricate€nicely€your€marine€headððs€seals€and€allow€it€to€work€smoothly.€Keep€your€headÏclean.€Take€care€of€it.€I€have€never€seen€a€business€in€the€yellow€pages€that€does€marineÏhead€cleaning€or€fixing....one€day....sooner€or€later....have€fun!ÌÌò òÌÌc.€€Sinksó óÐ $ t ÐÌThe€galley€and€head€sinks€work€the€same.€They€are€drained€straight€overboard€through€aÏcheck€valve€and€through„hull.€If€the€sinks€refuse€to€drain,€it€is€generally€because€the€checkÏvalve€is€stuck.€Look€at€the€drain€hose€and€you€will€see€a€bronze€cylinder€with€a€hexagonalÏfitting€on€top.€A€sharp€tap€will€usually€free€the€valve.€If€this€fails,€remove€the€hex€fitting€andÏclear€the€valve.Ì€Ì